SA CEOs told nationalisation a possibility

by 4. August 2011 06:51

Risk analyst says mining companies dismiss the prospect of nationalisation at their peril.

(Bloomberg) The ruling party may institute some form of mine nationalisation, a step that could throttle investments in the world’s biggest producer of platinum and chrome, according to a confidential report prepared for mining executives by a risk analyst.

 A drive to seize mines, banks and land is being spearheaded by Julius Malema, 30, who won an uncontested second term as the leader of the youth league of the ruling African National Congress in June. The ANC in November instituted a study into the viability of nationalisation. The findings will be the “key political issue” in party leadership elections in December 2012, Claude Baissac, the Johannesburg-based founder of country- risk consultants Eunomix, wrote in the report.

 “The possibility of the ruling party voting for a major policy shift affecting security of tenure and ownership of the mines is now greater than at any point since the end of apartheid,” Baissac wrote in the report obtained by Bloomberg News. Mining companies “will now dismiss the prospect of nationalisation, whichever form it ultimately takes, at their peril.”

South Africa is the continent’s largest producer of gold, supplies European and Indian power plants with coal and depends on mining for half of exports. In April 2010, Citigroup valued the country’s mineral resources at $2.5 trillion, the most of any nation.

“It is only our policy conference that is going to bring some finality to the matter,” Jackson Mthembu, a spokesman for the ANC, said in an interview from Johannesburg on July 29.

“Studies are being conducted. We can’t therefore jump the gun.” Malema told reporters in Johannesburg on Sunday that the party is studying how to implement nationalization rather than whether to go ahead with the policy.

An ANC vote for nationalisation “would represent the crossing of the Rubicon for both the ANC and for the country,” Baissac wrote. Shares of companies “with a large exposure to South Africa would tumble. Foreign capital would rush out of the country, bringing an immediate collapse of the rand”.

On July 26 2002, shares of Anglo American (JSE:AGL) Plc, the biggest investor in South African mining, plunged as much as 12% after the Mines Ministry said it was considering a proposal that would require mines to be 51% black-owned. The rand declined as much as 1.9% against the dollar.

Let's talk property - Offshore Investment - Why and How?

by 5. May 2011 07:11

Dr Hannes Dreyer, the global leader in Wealth Creation, will interview Scott Picken, IPS CEO. Scott Picken has helped over 2000 people invest in international property to a value of R1.6 billion as is the leading expert in South Africa on Offshore Investment and International Property.

What will be covered:

i.              What is happening in global markets?

ii.             5 fundamental risks facing all South Africans

iii.            Why invest offshore?

iv.           Where? USA, UK, Aus, other markets?

v.            Risks and Growth

vi.           Analysis the investment?

Over 80% of people who invest overseas actually loose money for a number of reasons. Learn what you have to know to ensure you don’t join them and you achieve your goals of Wealth Preservation, a Plan B and most importantly Peace of Mind for your family and you.

We won’t leave until all the questions are answered and you have the knowledge and your plan!

·         Date: 24th May 2011

·         Time: 7pm – 8:30pm (SA time)

·         Price: R250 (first 100 & IPS Gold and Platinum Clients are free)

·         Click here to book - https://www2.gotomeeting.com/register/998941203

 

 

UK House prices: What next?

by 1. November 2010 01:47

This is Money | Last updated:

Sep 2010 Nationwide earnings to house prices graph

 

What's the latest?

The property market has lost its head of steam. If there was any doubt that the year-long (from March 2009 to March 2010) bounce back from recent lows was ending, then it has been cleared up as autumn replaced summer.

A slew of reports have pointed to a marked slowdown and the Halifax index recorded a record monthly fall of 3.6% for September (8 Oct). Albeit that this followed two months of rises and monthly figures are volatile.

Elsewhere, from the statistical to the anecdotal the suggestions that the mini-boom is done are clear.

›› The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors says 36% more surveyors reported a drop in property values for September

›› Nationwide reported house prices inching up 0.1% in September, but said a property stalemate awaits

›› Estate agents are reporting a return of gazundering as falling house prices give buyers the upper hand

 

 

Expert views: What next for house prices?

The Ernst & Young ITEM club economist Peter Spencer forecast prices to slip back and take five years to recover peak levels

Howard Archer, chief UK economist at analysts IHS Global Insight, suggests prices will be 10% lower than their mid 2010 levels by the end of 2011. His forecast is echoed by Andrew Goodwin, senior economic advisor to the influential Ernst & Young ITEM Club, who said annual price falls of between 3% and 5% will be seen over the next 12 months, before house price stabilise.

 

However, economists and property watchers agree that the effects of a slowdown will be felt differently across the UK and a 2008-style all out crash is less likely than a period of stagnation.

The threat of spending cuts and public sector cutbacks is more likely to affect areas outside London and the South East and hit them harder. Meanwhile, in the more buoyant capital and commuter areas, good properties in desirable locations are likely to prove most resilient.

 

 

 

 

- The scenarios that suggest the average price should fall from £166,000 to £144,000 (or even £110,000)

 

- What could tip house prices over the edge?

Vote: What will happen to house prices in the next year? (Oct 2010)

 

ROUND-UP: LATEST HOUSE PRICES INDICES AND PREDICTIONS
Index Most recent Average House Price Monthly change Annual Change Link to report Peak
Halifax Sep 10 £162,096 -3.6% +2.6% Full report £199,612 (Aug 07)
Nationwide Sep-10 £166,757 +0.1% +3.1% Full report £186,044 (Oct 07)
Land Registry Aug-10 £167,423 +0.3% +6.7% Full report £184,493 (Jan 08)
Hometrack Sep-10 n/a -0.4% 0% Full report n/a
Rightmove (asking prices) Oct-10 £236,849 +3.1% +2.9% Full report £241,642 (Oct 07)
Department of Communities Aug-10 £213,116 - +8.3% Full report £220,291 (Oct 07)
LSL Acadametrics (formerly FT) Sep-10 £223,965 +0.2% +7.0% Full report £231,804(Feb 08)

The headwinds facing the market

The big potential stumbling blocks for the property market.

• Interest-only mortgage crackdown

• Lenders warn of a new mortgage crunch

Lenders are making it tougher to take out cheap interest-only loans, which have helped prop up the property market. This is a reduction in credit and will exert downward pressure on prices. (Read the full analysis)

The second problem is a fresh mortgage crunch. When the Special Liquidity Scheme runs out, starting in 2012, lenders say they will face a £300bn shortfall.

What next for house prices

 

Eventually a rise in the number of homes for sale is pushing down prices. On the flipside, mortgage rates for those with a 25% deposit look good, while rates for those with 15% and 10% deposits are improving. This could deliver another slice of buyers for whom property looks affordable.

The property market is precariously balanced. On a fundamental level prices should not be rising with the problems that remain in the economy, and the market will continue to struggle given woeful economic problems the country faces.

 

Buyers tempted to break the bank should bear this in mind and ensure they can take the hit of future interest rate rises.

- Simon Lambert, assistant editor

 

 

 

 

 

Property predictions: Will house prices rise or fall?

 

Rics: house prices will rise in 2010

Halifax: house prices will not rise in 2010

Property to stall agree economist and agents

Capital Economics: House prices need 'five years to recover'

Fitch: House prices will fall another 20%

Nouriel Roubini: More bank woes, more house price falls

Jones Lang LaSalle: Property to fall as 'irrational' rally ends

E&Y ITEM Club: House prices 'will fall again next year'

 

 

- House price tables, charts and graphs

 

 

 

 

 

MONEY BLOG: POSTS ON HOUSE PRICES

1-4 of 12 » « click to reveal more »

 

House prices to earnings April 2010 graph

 

Anatomy of a house price slump: how it happened

 

The party finally came to a sticky end for UK property prices in 2008. After a decade long boom, the market peaked in late summer / autumn 2007, and then prices tumbled as banks beat a hasty retreat from easy lending.

House price falls accelerated through 2008 and property market activity hit record lows in late 2008 and early 2009. Since then activity has improved and stabilised, but although a shortage of property means some areas look buoyant, in reality transactions are running at almost half of what is considered normal.

The property market's performance in 2008 was worse than almost all of the gloomiest predictions made for the year.

Of the major reports, the gloomiest picture was painted by the Halifax. Its index showed the average property losing a greater percentage of its value in just 12 months than during the whole peak to trough period of the 1990s crash.

In December 2007, the Halifax index said the average home was worth £197,074, a year later this had fallen to £159,896 ' a drop of 18.9%. At the peak before the 1990s crash, Halifax's figures show the average home was worth £70,247, in May 1989. Six years later, property prices bottomed out, in July 1995, at £60,965. This was a peak to trough loss of 13.2%.

Due to the way it compiles its figures, by comparing a three month average with the same period a year earlier, Halifax's official figure showed prices falling 16.2% in 2008. However, this still represented a record fall ' the previous most rapid annual decline being -8.3% in December 1992.

The Land Registry's report showed property prices falling by 13.5% over the year, with the average home in England and Wales worth £158,946 ' a similar value to October 2005. Even in the supposedly robust London market, the average home lost 12.9%, or £45,585, to end 2008 worth £307,071 ' a similar value to November/December 2006.

The smallest fall registered by a major house price index for 2008 was Hometrack's (8.7%), while the FT Academetrics study, which claims to improve on other studies methods, said prices fell 10.4% over the year.

 

 

- Tools: House price crash calculator

 

 

 

How the property market was hammered?

 

While property price statistics for 2008 and early 2009 paint a fairly bleak picture, they do not fully reflect the devastation wreaked so rapidly.

In a little over a year, a booming property market became desolate, with the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors reporting its agents selling less than one property per week of the year.

A perfect storm hit the UK property market in 2008. With property prices having risen by 200% in the ten years to December 2007, according to the Land Registry, property was in a bubble.

Many economists had predicted that this bubble was ripe for bursting, but after showing signs of a slowdown in 2005, the market sped up again and the average price peaked between August 2007 (Halifax: £199,612) and January 2008 (Land Registry: £184,784).

The pin that burst the bubble was the credit crunch. The sub-prime crisis that had been brewing in the United States erupted in the summer of 2007, and as the year continued, the residential mortgage-backed securities market that had driven massive growth in credit for homeloans essentially ceased to exist.

 

Sub-prime housing map of UK
At risk: Could a sub-prime crash happen in the UK
- Top ten areas at risk
enlarge

These allowed lenders to sell packaged residential mortgages to a special purpose vehicle, which then issued debt to investors, lured by strong returns from a supposedly liquid and low risk investment.

According to the interim report by Sir James Crosby, commissioned by the Treasury, between 2000 and 2007, the total amount outstanding of UK residential mortgage backed securities and covered bonds rose from £13bn to £257bn. The report said that by 2006 mortgage-backed security funding accounted for two-thirds of new net mortgage lending in the UK.

In July 2007 this market came to an 'abrupt halt', according to Crosby. This brought about the collapse of Northern Rock in the UK, problems for banks such as Bradford & Bingley that had fuelled the buy-to-let boom and major issues for all mortgage players. In February 2008, Northern Rock was nationalised and American bank Bear Stearns, which had specialised in the fancy finance that fuelled the mortgage boom, collapsed. It was the final sign that the party was over.

Banks fearful of huge losses began to dramatically cut back on mortgage lending and a vicious circle began. The more banks cut back on lending and raised deposits, the fewer homebuyers could secure finance, the more property prices fell and banks became more fearful and cut back further on lending.

 

Bank of England homebuyer mortgage approvals graph

 

The mortgage crunch and property prices

 

Mortgages are the key to the property market. The vast majority of buyers cannot purchase a property without a homeloan and the price, availability and restrictions imposed on these have the biggest impact on their ability to buy a home.

 

Net mortgage lending to 'turn negative' in 2009 table

The dramatic slump in property prices in 2008 and early 2009 came as lenders turned off the mortgage taps. Lenders suffered a lack of funding, with the mortgage backed securities market that accounted for two thirds of new lending suddenly seizing up. Meanwhile, banks were also hit by a crisis of confidence, as they looked over the Atlantic and saw the devastation wreaked in America heading for the UK.

Mortgage rates rose, deposits were hiked and reports abounded of lenders pulling mortgages at the eleventh hour. Mortgages for home purchases dived by 49% in 2008, to just 516,000, according to the Council of Mortgage Lenders. This was the smallest number since 1974 and represented a third less than the 723,000 approved in 1991 ' the lowest level of the 1990s slump.

The Bank of England's monthly figures have also shown mortgage activity drying up. The number of mortgages for homebuyers hit a record low of 27,000 in November 2008, rising to around 31,000 to 32,000 in December and January 2009.

In September 2007, just before the downward spiral began Bank of England figures showed mortgage approvals for homebuyers of 102,000 ' significant at that time as this was the lowest level for two years. The level of mortgage activity for home purchases in the first half of 2009, was about 60% below that figure and economists say approvals need to be at at least 70,000 to 80,000 per month for prices to stabilise.

 

Nationwide house prices vs mortgage approvals graph

 

The property slump unpicked

 

Falling house pricesAnalysis: House price crash myths: True or false?
House price tables and graphs
Calculator: House price crash calculator
Property prices: Look up house prices in your road
The property market near you - what's really happening?
House price forecasts: Will your home sell in 2009?
Property prices: News, analysis and what's next

Confidence, the property market and property prices

 

A crucial driver of property prices, as with that of any asset, is confidence. The public's confidence in property, shares and banks is at a serious low. Compounding the problem of a lack of confidence in these economic cornerstones is the uncertainty surrounding jobs as the recession bites. Redundancies and cut backs have led to a record rise in unemployment, with more people out of work than any time in the last 15 years.

If the property market manages to stage a recovery in the next 12 months, it will be against all odds, given the severe recessionary backdrop and slump in confidence. Bargain hunters may be searching for a first home, a bigger property or an investment, but the number of people actively willing to commit to buying will remain depleted until the economy improves.

 

CML graph
Council of Mortgage Lenders, monthly mortgage completions April 2009

 

see our latest here »

 

Inflation and paying off your home

 

One of the effects of the rapid inflation in property prices since the early 1980s is that it paid off a generation's mortgages.

Those who bought a home in the 1980s to early 1990s, and then held on through double-digit interest rates and the 1990s crash, have emerged with properties that have risen to be worth five to ten times their mortgage.

The average UK property cost £30,898 in 1983, according to Halifax, and £198,500 in September 2007 ' an increase of 542%. Even allowing for the current slump that property was worth £160,327 in February 2009, an increase of 419%. For a similar effect to be delivered to a modern day homebuyer, the cost of the average property would need to stand at £832,097 in 2035.

In 1983 the average wage according to the Office of National Statistics was £7,700, today the most comparable measure stands at £24,900, an increase of 223%. If both property and salary inflation are sustained at the same long-term rate, the average wage by 2031 will be £80,500 and the home will cost 10.3 times more. This compares to the average home costing four times the average wage in 1983 and 8.5 times the average wage (£23,300) at the peak of the Halifax index in August 2007.

 

 

Buying or selling a home? We can save you money

 

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Guides: Buying, selling and mortgage advice
Mortgage calculator (rates and fees)
What next for house prices?
What next for mortgage rates?

The positive side - demand and supply and property prices?

 

Pessimists would have you believe that property in the UK is doomed, but this ignores the fact that housing is not stocks and shares.

Owning a home is an emotional desire, a must-have aspiration for most Britons, and the demand for property in Britain remains high. Prices may have fallen by 20%, but many potential buyers see this as a good purchasing opportunity.

The shortgage of supply of property in the UK compared to demand has arguably been exaggerated by developers and the Government, but decent sized family homes in popular areas are typically in short supply.

Government development targets and planning guidelines have focused on quantity rather than quality. Target-led development has encouraged major scheme developers to concentrate on flats and small properties in order to deliver the most homes at the cheapest price.

A report by the National Housing and Planning Advice Unit the government's independent housing experts said that an undersupply of larger homes pushes up the cost of all properties and exacerbates house price inflation problems.

House price crash: Not everyone is upset

While the rapid fall in property prices has brought tough times for those who have seen equity slashed, fallen into negative equity or even had their homes repossessed, there are others who are pleased that prices are falling.

Lower property prices are a boon to first-time buyers and those moving up the property ladder, but only if they can raise the substantial deposit needed to take advantage. Research from Halifax showed homes were more affordable than the 25-year average in the first three months of 2009, but the average buyer would need to raise a £50,000 deposit.

Meanwhile, those who predicted a slump and have actively agitated for a house price crash are also pleased. Property prices are an emotive subject and forums such as housepricecrash.co.uk, have rounded up news, data and opinion and benefited from the UK's fascination with property, whether it's value is going up or down.



Read more: http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/property-prices#ixzz13xKGP4AJ

5 things you have to know and ask before you invest offshore?

by 19. October 2010 19:58

Dear Potential Offshore Investor

Napoleon said, “Information was nine tenths of any battle.” The challenge is do you have the right information, are you choosing the right partners, making the right investments and most importantly asking the right questions?

1.       Information – like water, the right information makes you finically healthier, but the wrong information is like poison.

a.       80% of people who invest offshore lose money and the investment becomes a tremendous headache in a short space of time! According to Real Estate Web -http://www.realestateweb.co.za/realestateweb/view/realestateweb/en/page206?oid=54920&sn=Detail – you could also make far better returns in South Africa.

b.      The reason for this is that people make decisions without the right information.  Sure the sales person gives them allot of information, but invariably they will give people what they want to hear?

c.       An example of this is in the last few months South Africans have bought $184 million on the Gold Coast in Australia. They think they are getting a real bargain, but when you talk to Richard Dunn, OzInvest Acquisition Manager, a company who spends millions on research, says, “We get offered opportunities on the Gold Coast every day! At the moment we would never offer these to our investors as there are huge vacancies and the property values are in real trouble.” Similar examples are Manchester or Leeds, where South African investors believed they were buying real value (perceived huge discounts) and yet there is huge oversupply, banks are not lending and there are huge rental problems. Do we need to talk about the information presented on Dubai and how that has changed?

d.      The questions you need to be asking:

                                                               i.      “How much do you spend on your research monthly?”

                                                             ii.      “Can you show me how you have communicated this research over the last couple of years, so that I can see you really understand your market?”

                                                            iii.      “Can I see the research from an entity that doesn’t have a vested interest in selling something to me and who substantiates this information?”

                                                           iv.      If someone is based in South Africa – “How often do you travel over to the investment country to understand the market and make sure you are keeping up to speed with current trends?”

 

2.       Partners – the key to the vault of success!

a.       In life there is a saying, a chain is only as strong as its weakest link.

b.      Investors often underestimate how important the choice in your partner is to your long term success. Dr Dolf DeRoos, the World Famous International Property Investors says, “You are only as strong as your team.”

c.       Many investors invest because they like the salesmen, they have been referred by a friend or they associate with a brand. This can be catastrophic to your success!

d.      The questions you need to be asking:

                                                               i.      “How long have you been helping people invest internationally?”

                                                             ii.      “How many people have you assisted to invest in this specific country?”

                                                            iii.      “Is this your core business, or something which is supplementary to your estate agency business where you help people buy homes?

                                                           iv.      “Are you a property investor yourself and have you bought international property?”

 

3.       Rentals – the life blood of property investment!

a.       Property Investment fundamentals live and die on cashflow. Experienced property investors understand this and it is why they succeed in all property cycles. Inexperienced investors are always chasing the bargain, and yet often they find a great bargain or focus on capital growth, only to realise there is no rental market. This often destroys the investment and in many instances them financially.

b.      Examples of this are Manchester where you can get 60% discounts but there are 2000 units oversupplied on the market. Dubai which is also at a 60% discount, but has massive oversupply problems (The numerous developers who offered rental guarantees who have gone bust are testament to this). And then Las Vegas which is 70% down, but there are 5000 families leaving a month as tourism is down by 60% and there are 32 000 homes on the market.

c.       If there is one thing you have to be certain on is the rental market and where this demand is going to come from. You need to ask:

                                                               i.       “How can you ensure me of the demand for my property when it is ready to rent?”

·         I am not talking about a 1 or 2 year rental guarantee from the developer, which has often been included in the price. I am talking about me receiving long term sustainable rental income at market related rates from the demand which exists.

                                                             ii.      “Are you prepared to put your money where your mouth is based on this guarantee or assurance?”

·         How would you sustain this long term if you were wrong?

 

4.       Local & International Offices – geography is so NB!

a.       Many salesmen will travel to South Africa with a suitcase, put on a classy presentation, meet you in a hotel, sign you up, take your money and then leave in a couple of days. This is where all the problems start and you can’t get hold of them or find out what is happening, etc. and this is how a “great investment” (supposedly) turns into a lemon.

b.      To be successful you need to ensure the partner you choose to invest with, not only has offices in the foreign country, but also offices and a physical presence in South Africa. It makes such a difference when you can speak to a local South African on the phone, on the same time scales and if needs be come and see them in their office whenever it suits you.

c.       Questions you need to be asking:

                                                               i.      “Where are you offices in South Africa and in the country I am investing in?”

                                                             ii.      “If you don’t have offices in South Africa, how can I ensure that you will still be here in a couple of months or years when I need help with the investment I have bought?”

                                                            iii.      “I would like to visit the property. Who is going to show me around overseas?”

                                                           iv.      “How do you understand the market unless you have someone who is permanently looking for opportunities and living in the property market?”

 

5.       After Sales Support – the helping hand you need! Trust me!

a.       Most investors only focus on the purchase of the property and they forget how important it is to manage the sale. Salesmen are also only interested in closing the sale, but most importantly not to help you right through the process, when you are investing from afar. Many companies claim to provide the full service to you, but where are they based and how are they going to do it?

b.      Questions which you need to ask:

                                                              i.      “How big is your aftersales team and who will be assisting me personally making sure the property transfers timeously into my name?”

·         Sorry I am not talking about the salesmen, I want an Aftersales Professional who has been dealing in this for many years and understands the nuances between South African property and overseas property.

                                                             ii.      “What happens when the property is ready? Who will be assisting me with transfer of the property, inspections, etc?”

                                                            iii.      “Can I see referrals from people who were happy with your service?”

With these simple questions you can ensure you don’t buy lemons and you can take advantage of the significant opportunities. It is not only wise it is prudent to invest some of your wealth in foreign markets. In the Real Estate article above it talks of the tremendous opportunities locally. We completely agree with this and continue to make great money in South Africa, through the use of strategic partners as they suggest. However once you have made this money, it is essential, if not irresponsible not to, to take some of this wealth and invest overseas. To achieve your goals of Asset Preservation, Capital Growth, a Rand Hedge, Diversification and Positive Cashflow in first world currencies – you need the right information and partners and most importantly to be asking the right questions!

Good luck!

Scott Picken

IPS CEO

www.ipsinvest.com

 

The Economy - where to?

by 14. October 2010 22:03

Boom, credit crisis and subdued aftermath

 


By Cees Bruggemans, Chief Economist FNB

13 October 2010

The following stylized description by Hyman Minsky of a boom, credit crisis and workout dates from 1975, as echoed by Kindleberger in his “Manias, Panics and Crashes – a history of financial crises” (1978).

 

All this was published way earlier, indeed a generation before, the much later analyses of Rogoff and Reinhart.

 

The Minsky analysis captures what apparently happens in varying degrees EVERY fully blown credit cycle.

 

A period of virulent financial speculation fuels the boom. The boom peaks out once the dangers are finally realized, setting in motion a debt-deflation ending in a period of stagnation before a new expansion stirs.

 

                     ----------------

 

The curtain rises on an economic and financial boom whose progress starts to see debt experimentation on three levels, namely:

  • firms engage more heavily in debt financing
  • households and firms cut their cash and liquid-asset holdings relative to their debt
  • banks increase loans at the expense of holding securities

 

Furthermore:

  • banks rely to an increasing extent on managing their liabilities so as to accommodate borrowers
  • borrowing firms engage in active liability management (issuing maximum debt) to finance their asset position

 

The sophistication is carried beyond this when non-bank financial institutions use bank debt, open-market debt and longer-term bonds to acquire debts.

 

Thus a layering of debts occurs. The main foundation for debt is business earned income. Another layering of debt exists where households borrow whose foundation is income (mainly wages).

 

Thus speculation has three aspects:

  • owners of productive assets speculate through debt financing and by acquiring more such assets
  • banks and others speculate on the asset mix and liability mix they own
  • firms and households speculate on financial assets they own and how they finance these.

 

During a boom, portfolios become more heavily weighted with debt-financed positions. Owners of assets commit larger portions of their expected cash flow from operations to payment of financial commitments.

 

Banks increase ownership of loans at expense of investments and by active liability management increase their scale of operations for given cash reserves.

 

Other financial institutions also increase their scale of operations by actively pursuing funds.

 

Households and firms substitute non-money assets for money as liquid reserves.

 

All engage in elaborate liability structures, developing cash-payment commitments exceeding cash receipts. To fulfill commitments, many must refinance by selling their assets or their liabilities.

 

As the boom develops households, firms and financial institutions are forced to become ever more adventuresome on this score. When the limit of their ability to borrow from one to repay another is reached, the option is either to sell out some ‘position’ or slow down or halt asset acquisition.

 

                 -----------------------

 

Crisis erupts when danger is finally recognized in the overstretched liability structures as firms, households and financial institutions try to sell/reduce their assets to repay debts. A decline in share prices is one aspect of a crisis situation.

 

A debt-deflation process gets underway.

 

All internally generated funds are utilized to repay debt. All try to clean up their balance sheets.

 

Firms will also be issuing long-term debt to replace maturing short-term debt, thus reducing near term cash flow commitments.

 

                 -----------------------

 

A debt-deflation has immediate and lingering effects upon investment and desired debt. A high-unemployment stagnant recession of uncertain depth and duration follows.

 

As the subjective repercussions of debt-deflation wear off, as disinvestment occurs, and as financial positions are rebuilt during the stagnant aftermath, a recovery and new expansion begins.

 

Such a recovery starts with strong memories of the penalty extracted because of exposed liability positions during the debt-deflation, and with liability structures that have been purged of debt.

 

Success breeds daring and over time the memory of the past disaster fades.

 

                    ----------------------

 

This past weekend, Gillian Tett (Financial Times) made the following observations about the current Anglo-Saxon scene which should ring a bell:

 

“there has been anger about what bankers have done. After all, those bankers engaged in all manner of complex tricks; and since this came at the expense of everyone else, it is presumed that bankers deliberately hid their complex games.

 

In reality, this is only half correct. Yes, some bankers did many incredibly irresponsible things. Many also became rich. But this did not happen simply because bankers were deliberately hiding their activities (though some were). Instead, the bigger problem was that during the credit bubble everyone failed to ask hard questions about finance. Those collateralized debt obligations of theirs represented an area of ‘social silence’, as an anthropologist might say, a part of society that everyone ignored. Thus bankers were free to engage in crazy games, because western society had labelled this activity ‘dull’. And was enjoying cheap mortgages.

 

In our 21st century world, how many other time bombs exist that are being ignored because they seem too ‘boring’ to merit attention?”    

 

And on Monday Gillian did it again, focusing on ‘spectre of deleveraging haunts the West’. The Minsky aftermath, it seems, remains in full cry, though probably gradually subsiding, as he would have expected.

 

                    ----------------------

          

Though South Africa has not experienced a banking crisis as did occur in many countries overseas, its economic expansion since 1999 eventually turned VERY vigorous (the most so in a generation) and was accompanied by a major debt buildup and property boom.

 

We are currently finding ourselves in the penultimate stage of the stylized description of cyclical reality as discussed above, already post-boom and post-crisis, deeply engaged in the difficult aftermath where the first stirring of new expansion is already a year with us.

 

Besides rising economic activity, what we continue to notice most vividly are “strong memories of the penalties extracted”, with the debt workout not yet at an end, as access to bank credit has become less easy than before and many households, firms and banks are still reconfiguring their balance sheets, with a healthy renewed awareness of what debt overreach can do.

 

These memories will likely only fade slowly. But they will fade …… especially as debt servicing becomes easier, nominal income grows at 10% annually and asset markets (bonds, equities) set new records or are getting there.

 

Only property still lags at this point, for it is oversupplied relative to demand in crucial segments while it also carries the main debt exposure and these things take time, though not forever. 

 

 

References:

 

Gillian Tett, “An Anthropologist in America”, Financial Times 10 October 2010

 

Gillian Tett, “Spectre of deleveraging haunts the West”, Financial Timess 11 October 2010

 

Hyman Minsky, “John Maynard Keynes”, McGrawHill 1975

 

Kenneth Rogoff and Carmen Reinhart, “Is the 2007 US Sub-Prime Financial Crisis So Different? – an International Historical Comparison”, American Economic Review: Paper & Proceedings 2008

 

Charles Kindleberger, “Manias, Panics, and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises”, Wiley 1978

 

Cees Bruggemans is Chief Economist of First National Bank. Register for his free e-mail articles on www.fnb.co.za/economics

UK House prices book record monthly fall in September

by 8. October 2010 02:30

Reuters Fiona Shaik

Analysts were cautious about reading too much into one month's data but noted that recent mortgage approvals data had also pointed to a weakening market and that fragile economic conditions meant the outlook was bleak.

However, the figures did little to alter the view the Bank of England will leave interest rates steady at 0.5 percent and the stock of its quantitative easing purchases on hold at 200 billion pounds when its monthly meeting concludes at noon British time..

Halifax said September's fall was the biggest since records began in 1983 and left house prices up 2.6 percent in the three months compared with a year ago, the weakest rate December.

In August, Halifax said house prices rose 0.4 percent on the month, for a three-month annual rate of 4.6 percent.

Analysts said September's surprisingly weak reading could just be a blip, especially as rival mortgage lender Nationwide reported last week that house prices rose 0.1 percent last month.

"While the September house price drop highly likely overstates the weakness of the housing market, there seems little doubt that the housing market is now in reverse," said Howard Archer, economist at IHS Global Insight.

"Rather than crash, we expect house prices to trend down relatively gradually over the final months of 2010 and in 2011 to lose around 10 percent in value."

Halifax economist Martin Ellis said it was too early to tell whether September's decline marked the start of a steep downward trend in prices.

He said the quarterly figures provided a better picture of the underlying trend, showing house prices were 0.9 percent down in the three months to September compared with the second quarter of this year.

"This rate of decline is significantly slower than the quarterly changes of between 5 and 6 percent that were seen in the second half of 2008," Ellis said.

"It is therefore far too early to conclude that September's monthly fall is the beginning of a sustained period of declining house prices."

(Reporting by Fiona Shaikh, editing by Mike Peacock)

Crisis Crucible

by 27. July 2010 20:38

 

By Cees Bruggemans, Chief Economist FNB

26 July 2010

 

When the world is confronted with fundamental financial flaws and then panics in style, markets show their destructive side as they viciously adjust asset prices lower to reflect the new reality, fear consuming all.

 

But once the crisis has become well defined, and repair and rescue efforts get mounted, financial markets function as enormous virtuous crucibles.

 

Millions of fearful, angry, assertive individuals can be found daily absorbing information and debating what has gone wrong, what is being proposed, where the delays are, what new potential mistakes are being made, what ideally should be done, what’s viable and what’s not.

 

And like at any lively dinner party where no subject is left untouched by an energetic, critical, searching, dissecting multitude, this continuous search for answers and penalizing of officious foolishness assists in bringing clarity while shepherding the rescue efforts in mostly desired directions.

 

Thus the interplay between policymakers and responding financial markets becomes virtuous, even if on a daily basis the noise levels and periodic sell-offs may create a far more despairing image.

 

The world has been brought low by two major financial crises these past two years, one focusing on the Anglo-Saxon world and the other on Europe.

 

It has been fascinating to monitor the interplay between policy rescues and financial market responses, and see the right things being done, one after the other.

 

As things stand today, we aren’t quite at the end of this process. There remain searching questions, about whether governments can really arrest runaway fiscal conditions, whether central banks can really unwind their huge asset accumulations without accident, and whether global growth recovery can really be sustained through all this, given the fragile global state of mind.

 

But posing the outstanding challenges in these terms already reflects the fact that fundamental market skepticism is looking for answers which policymakers everywhere are forced to satisfy in good time or become penalized, in essence a very productive partnership.

 

For the remainder, human creativity and impatience for results are the key ingredients in getting things done.

 

And so we tend to get positively surprised at nearly every turn once fully into repair mode.

 

The bigger the noise, the more desperate the questioning, the greater the insecurities, the more the danger of crisis relapses, the more likely we find the right decisions being made alleviating strains in the system.

 

There remain many very anxious people worldwide still expecting or fearing the worst. A new relapse financially as asset markets implode anew, growth collapses and/or inflation exploding, delivering devastation on the grand scale are some of the things furiously exercising people.

 

Yet every weakness is addressed in turn, mindsets slowly put to rest, appetite for risk gradually and in fits and starts reawakened and market functionality regained.

 

Success can’t be guaranteed as a matter of fact, but the way we are organized and personal interest is brought to bear by millions seeking desired outcomes, tends to make for a focus and urgency that delivers consistent results.

 

The world is well away from the brink and gradually regaining its composure while technically restoring functionality. Throughout it maintains a skeptic mien.

 

That’s okay if it delivers results. Don’t assume inevitable failure just because anxiety remains in evidence. Just the opposite conclusion should apply.

 

Nothing is as productive as creative tension.

 

It is the absence of policy rescues, in the presence of many twiddling thumbs, and a carefree attitude, that one should fear most deeply for what still waits.

 

None of that applies globally at present as the world keeps anxiously seeking for the right answers to the many crisis questions currently still facing it.

 

Given time, this will work out, even if the detail often appears mysterious. One should plan accordingly.     

 

Cees Bruggemans is Chief Economist of First National Bank. Register for his free e-mail articles on www.fnb.co.za/economics

 

World Economy - Surprise now increasingly to the upside

by 27. July 2010 20:34

 

 

By Cees Bruggemans, Chief Economist FNB

26 July 2010

Risk is a matter of getting things wrong, but not only to the downside. Risk is simply getting a different outcome from the one expected. This does not rule out the upside, no matter how unfashionable that may be at times.

 

Downside risk is preponderant when things go wrong. It is when one starts to recover from disaster that upside surprises have a way of multiplying as we don’t adjust our collective moroseness fast enough.

 

After three years of global crisis stations, with the last dragon yet to be slain, preoccupation with the downside has become all pervasive.

 

It is the one direction all lookouts are focused on. With many remaining doubtful, it prompted Fed chairman Bernanke last week to talk of the times being “unusually uncertain”, thereby pandering to his watching gallery.

 

Meanwhile no ship lookout is supposed to focus on only one quadrant of the horizon, but regularly do 360 degree sweeps, otherwise running the danger of being blindsided.

 

Last week gave much food for thought.

 

It turns out that Germany is having a party, Britain suddenly showed stronger growth well in excess of what was expected, the European bank stress tests showed up anything but stress except in a few insignificant peripheral institutions and US corporate earning results in many instances were excellent and well ahead of expectations (with European company results next).

 

Such data will not ever prevent the heavy-hearted from still emphasizing the imminent downside.

 

The Germans are supposedly too dependent on exports. With the US and China slowing down a few notches it is a matter of time before the Germans also slow once again.

 

Try telling it to the Germans, whose industrialists are rapidly taking their idled labour force members back to full time employment, even apparently wanting to cut short summer holidays in some instances because of rising order books.

 

British GDP data is notorious for needing later revision. After many quarters of weakness all of a sudden a much more broadbased recovery is lately shining through.

 

This is also in line with the broader European reality as we move deeper into 3Q2010. Europe is simply performing to the upside at present.

 

US analysts are quick to point out that since Europe usually lags the US by one or two quarters, the recent US slowing will inevitably show up in Europe ere long, too.

 

By all means economic data doesn’t move in a straight line, but what we do see is recovery proceeding, with the leaders alternating.

 

China is not expected to keep on repressing its property sector indefinitely, not wanting too much of an economic slowdown. And in the US the Bernanke sentiments are being interpreted as a growing willingness to do more to bolster flagging growth if that were to prove necessary.

 

As to European bank tests, the proof will be in the broader market pudding. If there is no recoiling in coming days and weeks, the market signal will be one of acceptance.

 

Greater transparency about bank exposures, especially to sovereign debt, will have been obtained. It will be up to every individual investor to decide how much risk of renewed recession (and increased bad debt) and sovereign debt default (and resulting haircuts) really need to be discounted.

 

Don’t be surprised if markets prove increasingly willing NOT to discount a recession relapse or hairy haircuts. The whole exercise was about confidence and dispelling rumour. Merely creating a different view on reality may then shift perception.

 

Not for the diehard skeptic but for the broader market.

 

The underlying corporate condition may be most important for equities with US companies already back to their all time high pre-crisis earnings levels, and the business expansion still so very young.

 

With many global corporates increasingly cash rich, surprise risk is certainly building but it is not on the downside. As defensiveness wanes, payout surprise lurks on the upside, as do increased investment and hiring surprises.

 

As to bond markets, their focus remains on governments (and growth), in the manner fiscal deficits are reined in and spiraling debt eventually stabilized.

 

It isn’t only Greece that is fulfilling its promises to the letter, with its budget deficit so far this year already over 40% down on a year ago. German fiscal deficit projections are being favourably revised (with projected deficits steadily evaporating as growth and policy action make themselves felt). More such surprises can be expected elsewhere, too.

 

After three years of increasingly fearing downside outcomes the world is now instead being blindsided by more and more upside surprise. Global repair is well in hand and advancing as scheduled.

 

Financial markets reflect this pleasant turn of events by regaining their risk appetite. Though safe havens remain popular for many, and continue attracting large inflows, we can still observe the global risk tide turning.

 

Prematurely, some will claim. Possibly not, going by the nature of the surprises now shaping.

 

Cees Bruggemans is Chief Economist of First National Bank. Register for his free e-mail articles on www.fnb.co.za/economics 

 

IPS is looking for the best 3 Sales People in South Africa!

by 6. July 2010 22:00

International Property Solutions (IPS) is looking for the best 3 sales people in South Africa. Please do not reply to this opportunity unless you are the best!


Although there are challenges in both the local and the international property markets, IPS has some fantastic and exciting opportunities and thus more demand than we can handle. Depending on your ability, the range you can earn:

• Average performer = R30 000 a month
• Great performer = over R200 000 a month or more!


Young or Old if you have the stuff we will know.

Location not a problem – ability is what we are looking for. Most importantly is the ability to work with High Networth Individuals and even better is if you have your own network!

Either Full time, or if you have your own company, we can become strategic partners!

If you are interested, please email to thembi@ipsinvest.com. Please tell me why should we choose you & why you are the best

This is what you can expect:

Value to you – 10 Items which are vital to your future!

1. Ability to earn foreign income.
2. Ability for great cashflow.
3. Ability to grow your international business part time, while running your successful business.
4. Ability to provide real value to your clients and offer them a differentiated product which they want.
5. Ability to learn the latest trends in property. South Africa is directly affected by what is happening international and this will position you as a market leader when you can speak with you clients with experience about the global market and how it will affect them locally.
6. Ability to learn the latest techniques being used internationally to provide your client with the best service and therefore get the most profitable use of your time (make more sales).
7. Ability to learn the latest techniques and methods to get the maximum returns from your Internet, Google, your website, email and social networking strategies.
8. Ability to be part of an International Network which provides you with credibility, but also the benefit of using it for securing local mandates.
9. Ability to be part of the International Network where you will be able to benefit from the mutual partnerships, constant information sessions for your clients and quarterly and yearly events to keep you abreast with the latest international trends. This will ensure you remain the leader in your industry.
10. Ability to remain being the Number One Player in your market and take your business to the next level!

Key Benefits of the International Training Academy

Scott Picken, IPS CEO, is constantly travelling the world and attending courses to understand the latest trends and techniques. On his latest course in USA, there was an intensive 4 day course (60 hours and a cost of R150 000) from 12 of America’s Leading Businessman on how to deal with the current market, take advantage of it and grow your business by 300% in 2010! Scott wants to try and share everything he learnt and some of these are:

1. Vision – what do you ultimately want for your business?
2. What season are you in?
3. The life cycle of business – how to get to the next level?
4. Power of Strategic Innovation
5. 3 ways to grow your business
a. New methods for marketing in the 21st century
b. New ways to get clients to take action
6. Defining your business process
7. 12 skills of all great companies
8. Direction of Influence – the Rugby Field Communication Model
9. 7 steps for implementing everything in your business
a. RPM
b. Your master action plan to implement

Please also pass onto to anyone who you think would relish this opportunity.

I look forward to working with the best.

Scott Picken
IPS CEO

Shocking Truth About Share Investment

by 29. June 2010 05:30

Rod Thomas I've got two questions for you. First, is the performance of your share portfolio satisfactory?  Second, is the interest you earn in savings accounts, government bonds etc, enough?

If you are not happy, then the big question is how to do better in the future. Where should you invest your money for the highest returns?

Investment of the Decade Let's start by taking a look at the table produced by Barclays Capital  that compares the performance of different asset classes over the last ten years.

Share investment comes out last, with a pathetic return of  -14%! A loss after 10 years of investment. Scary! Most of our pensions and future wealth depends on the performance of shares. Cash deposits were also a poor choice.

Falling Share Price Given that the entire Financial Services Industry is geared towards investment that primarily focus on shares this is a travesty. So called 'investment advisors' work with a narrow range of assets and find every excuse to diss other oppportunities, whilst performing terribly themselves. If this sounds like it's my personal pet hate, you are right!

When it's time to review performance - whether it's your job, your business or your investments - I once heard this saying which I love. It's simply this... "Have you made reasonable progress in measurable time?" If not, maybe it's time to change tracks. And after 10 years of miserable performance I personally believe that share investments have had their day.

Is there a better option? Take your pick. Every other asset class delivered better results over the past ten years. What's worthy of consideration? We suggest the top performing investment, although not correctly reflected in the table because of flawed logic.

Property Is Number One!

Let's talk property, listed at Number 4. What's the problem? Simply that the table takes no account of the impact of gearing (borrowing). This is critical to a correct analysis of asset performance.

What's the effect of this mistake? Huge! Assume you gear your property portfolio at the realistic level of 75%, the 10 year return on property jumps from 109% to 436%!  Property is clearly number one, delivering the largest return over 10 years. This superb return is after the fall in values due to the recent property crash!

 

Rod Thomas

Rod Thomas FCA

IPSInvest Blog

Scott Picken, CEO of International Property Solutions (IPS) believes a paradigm shift is occurring: 10 years ago, people would only invest in property in their own neighbourhood. Now, investors are starting to seek the best investments globally. IPS was created 7 years ago to facilitate international investments and provide an end-to-end solution to ensure that investors can invest with confidence!

About the author

Scott Picken

I am the CEO and Founder of IPS and was born in South Africa. I undertook my first construction project at the age of 13, my first development project at 19 and bought my first property at 22, which we later converted into 6 townhouses. I have an Honours Degree in Construction Management (Cum Laude) and a Masters Degree in Construction IT (Cum Laude). As an International Investor who is passionate about property, I created IPS to facilitate global property investment. Everything is based on Zig Ziglars saying, "If you help enough other people get what they want, you can have anything you want!" Based in London for 9 years and now living in JHB, we have created an international business helping over 2000 investors Invest Internationally with Confidence!

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